很多写作工具都会标出“被动语态”,但它并不是语法错误,而是一种风格选择。知道什么时候该用它,能让你的文字更清楚。

主动语态与被动语态 #

在主动语态中,主语发出动作:

The team fixed the bug.(团队修复了这个 bug。)

在被动语态中,主语承受动作:

The bug was fixed (by the team).(这个 bug 被(团队)修复了。)

如何识别被动语态 #

找 be 动词的某种形式(is、are、was、were、been、being)加上过去分词(fixed、sent、made、written)。

  • The email was sent.
  • Mistakes were made.
  • The report is being reviewed.

一个快速测试:如果在动词后面加上 “by zombies”(被僵尸)句子依然通顺,那就是被动语态。The email was sent (by zombies).

为什么主动语态通常更好 #

主动句更短、更直接,而且说明了是谁负责。

被动 主动
The meeting was canceled by the manager. The manager canceled the meeting.
Your request has been received. We received your request.
It was decided that prices would rise. We decided to raise prices.

什么时候被动语态才是正确选择 #

  • 动作的执行者未知或不重要:My bike was stolen.(我的自行车被偷了。)
  • 动作本身比谁做的更重要:The app was downloaded a million times.(这款应用被下载了一百万次。)
  • 科学或正式文体:The samples were heated to 80°C.(样品被加热到 80°C。)
  • 委婉得体:A mistake was made in your invoice 听起来比 You made a mistake 更温和。

如何改写被动句 #

  1. 找出动作的执行者(通常在 by 后面)。
  2. 把它变成主语。
  3. 使用主动形式的动词。

The document was reviewed by Anna. → Anna reviewed the document.

让句子更清楚 #

如果觉得某个句子读起来很累赘,就用 AI Grammar Checker 再检查一遍,获得更直接的改写建议。