英美超市的收银台上随处可见 “Ten items or less”(10 件或以下)的牌子,这也是英语里最有名的语法争论之一。下面讲清规则,以及它什么时候可以变通。
简短回答 #
- Fewer 用于可数的东西:fewer emails, fewer mistakes, fewer people。
- Less 用于不可数的东西(数量、程度):less time, less water, less stress。
数一数测试 #
问问自己:能不能在它前面加一个数字?
- three emails ✓ → fewer emails
- three waters ✗ → less water
例句 #
- I make fewer typos when I slow down.(我放慢速度时,打错的字更少。)
- This version uses less battery.(这个版本更省电。)
- There were fewer than 20 people at the meeting.(参加会议的人不到 20 个。)
- I have less free time this month.(我这个月空闲时间更少。)
例外情况 #
当数字表示时间、金钱、距离或重量时,用 less,因为我们把它们看作一个整体的量:
- It took less than 10 minutes.
- It costs less than $5.
- We live less than two miles away.
百分比和 one 前面也通常用 less than:less than 30%、one less thing to worry about(少了一件要操心的事)。
常见错误 #
| 错误 | 正确 |
|---|---|
| Fewer people came this year. | |
| I need |
I need less sugar. |
| Fewer mistakes |
自动检查 #
AI Grammar Checker 知道哪些名词可数,会在需要的地方建议你用 fewer 或 less。